璎涜В璁婂鍣ㄧ殑瀹归噺鍙婄┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶
涓�銆佺┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鐨勭洰鐨勫拰鎰忕京
璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n):寰炶畩澹撳櫒鐨勬煇涓�绻炵祫(涓�鑸緸浜屾浣庡鍋�(c猫))鏂藉姞姝ｅ鸡娉㈤瀹氶牷鐜囩殑椤嶅畾闆诲,鍏朵綑绻炵祫闁嬭矾,娓�(c猫)閲忕┖杓夐浕娴佸拰绌鸿級鎼嶈��.濡傛灉瑭﹂(y脿n)姊濅欢鏈夐檺,闆绘簮闆诲閬�(d谩)涓嶅埌椤嶅畾闆诲,鍙湪闈為瀹氶浕澹撴浠朵笅瑭﹂(y脿n),閫欑ó瑭﹂(y脿n)鏂规硶瑾ゅ樊杓冨ぇ,涓�鑸彧鐢ㄤ簬妾㈡煡璁婂鍣ㄦ湁鐒�(w煤)鏁呴殰,鍙湁瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲閬�(d谩)鍒伴瀹氶浕澹撶殑80%浠ヤ笂鎵嶅彲鐢ㄤ締娓�(c猫)瑭︾┖杓夋悕鑰�.
銆婅(gu墨)绋嬨�嬩腑瑕�(gu墨)瀹�,灏�(du矛)瀹归噺3150kVA鍙婁互涓婄殑璁婂鍣ㄩ��(j矛n)琛屾闋�(xi脿ng)瑭﹂(y脿n),娓�(c猫)寰楀嚭鐨勭┖杓夐浕娴佸拰绌鸿級鎼嶈�楁暩(sh霉)鍊艰垏鍑哄粻瑭﹂(y脿n)鍊肩浉姣旀噳(y墨ng)鐒�(w煤)鏄庨’璁婂寲.
绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)涓昏鐩殑鏄櫦(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)纾佸寲涓殑閻佃姱纭呴嫾鐗囩殑灞�閮ㄧ禃绶ｄ笉鑹垨鏁撮珨缂洪櫡,濡傞惖鑺榛�(di菐n)鎺ュ湴銆侀惖鑺閶肩墖鏁撮珨鑰佸寲绛�;鏍规摎(j霉)浜ゆ祦鑰愬瑭﹂(y脿n)鍓嶅悗鍏╂绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)寰楃殑绌鸿級鎼嶈�楁瘮杓冦�佸垽鏂风篂绲勬槸鍚︽湁鍖濋枔鎿婄┛绛夋儏娉�.
绌鸿級鎼嶈�椾富瑕佹槸閻佃姱鐨勬悕鑰�,鍗抽惖鑺殑纾佸寲鎵�寮曡捣鐨勭婊悕鑰楀拰娓︽祦鎼嶈��.绌鸿級鎼嶈�楅倓鍖呮嫭灏戦儴鍒嗛妳鎼嶈��(绌鸿級闆绘祦閫氶亷绻炵祫鏅�(sh铆)鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑闆婚樆鎼嶈��)鍜岄檮鍔犳悕鑰�(鎸囬惖鎼嶈��銆侀妳鎼嶈�楀鐨勫叾浠栨悕鑰�,濡傝畩澹撳櫒寮曡捣鎼嶈��銆佹脯(c猫)閲忕窔璺強琛ㄨ▓(j矛)鎼嶈�楃瓑).瑷�(j矛)绠楄〃鏄�,璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夋悕鑰椾腑鐨勯妳鎼嶈�楀強闄勫姞鎼嶈�椾笉瓒呴亷绺芥悕鑰楃殑3%.
绌鸿級鎼嶈�楀拰绌鸿級闆绘祦鐨勫ぇ灏�,鍙栨焙浜庤畩澹撳櫒鐨勫閲�銆侀惖鑺殑妲�(g貌u)閫犮�佺閶肩墖鐨勮唱(zh矛)閲忓拰閻佃姱鐨勫埗閫犲伐钘濈瓑.闆诲姏璁婂鍣ㄥ閲忓湪2000kVA浠ヤ笂鏅�(sh铆),绌鸿級闆绘祦绱勫崰椤嶅畾闆绘祦澶х殑0.6%-2.4%;涓�銆佸皬鍨嬭畩澹撳櫒鐨勭┖杓夐浕娴佺磩鍗犻瀹氶浕娴佺殑4%-16%.閻佃姱纭呴嫾鐗囬噰鐢ㄧ殑鏉愯唱(zh矛)涓嶅悓,鍏剁┖杓夐浕娴佸樊鐣拌純澶�.
绌鸿級闆绘祦閫氬父浠ラ瀹氶浕娴佺殑鐧惧垎?j菒n)?sh霉)I0%渚嗚〃绀�,鍠浉璁婂鍣↖0(%)=(I0/IN)×100%.涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夐浕娴佺櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)I0%瑷�(j矛)绠楀叕寮忓涓�
I0(%)=(I0/IN)×100%
I0=(I0a锕0b锕0c)/3
寮忎腑I0(%)--绌鸿級闆绘祦鐧惧垎?j菒n)?sh霉);
I0--涓夌浉绌鸿級闆绘祦骞冲潎鍊�;
I0a銆両0b銆両0c--a銆乥銆乧涓夌浉涓婃脯(c猫)寰楃殑绌鸿級闆绘祦;
IN--鍔犲娓�(c猫)閲忓伌(c猫)鐨勯瀹氶浕娴�.
灏�(d菐o)鑷磋畩澹撳櫒绌鸿級鎼嶈�楀拰绌鸿級闆绘祦澧炲ぇ鐨勫師鍥犳湁浠ヤ笅骞鹃粸(di菐n):
(1)璁婂鍣ㄩ惖鑺榛�(di菐n)(鍏╅粸(di菐n)鍙婁互涓�)鎺ュ湴
(2)纭呴嫾鐗囦箣闁撶禃绶ｄ笉鑹�,鎴栭儴鍒嗙閶肩墖涔嬮枔鐭矾
(3)绌垮績铻烘爴鎴栧鏉跨殑绲曠罚鎼嶅,涓婂ぞ浠跺拰閻佃姱銆佺┛蹇冭灪鏍撻枔绲曠罚涓嶈壇,閫犳垚閻佃姱鐨勫眬閮ㄧ煭璺�
(4)璁婂鍣ㄧ篂绲勬湁鍖濋枔銆佸堡闁撶煭璺�,骞惰伅(li谩n)鏀矾鐭矾
(5)纭呴嫾鐗囨澗鍕�(d貌ng)銆佸姡鍖�,閻佃姱鎺ヨЦ涓嶈壇
浜�銆佺┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鐨勮│椹�(y脿n)鏂规硶
1.鍠浉璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)
瑭﹂(y脿n)鎺ョ窔濡傚湒鎵�绀�.鐣�(d膩ng)瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲鍜岄浕娴佷笉瓒呴亷鍎�琛ㄧ殑椤嶅畾鍊兼檪(sh铆),鍙洿鎺ュ皣娓�(c猫)閲�?j墨)x琛ㄦ帴鍏ユ脯(c猫)閲忓洖璺鍦�.鐣�(d膩ng)闆诲銆侀浕娴佽秴閬庡剙琛ㄩ瀹氬�兼檪(sh铆),鍙�氶亷闆诲浜掓劅鍣ㄥ強闆绘祦浜掓劅鍣ㄦ帴鍏ユ脯(c猫)閲忓洖璺鍦�.
鍠浉璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鎺ョ窔鍦�
(a)鍎�琛ㄧ洿鎺ュ叆;(b)鍎�琛ㄧ稉(j墨ng)浜掓劅鍣ㄦ帴鍏�
2.涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)
涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ殑绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)澶氶噰鐢ㄥ叐鍔熺巼琛ㄦ硶鍜屼笁鍔熺巼琛ㄦ硶,瑭﹂(y脿n)鎺ョ窔濡傚湒鎵�绀�.
涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鎺ョ窔鍦�
(a)鍏╁姛鐜囪〃娉�;(b)鍏╁姛鐜囪〃娉�,鍎�琛ㄧ稉(j墨ng)浜掓劅鍣ㄦ帴鍏�;(c)涓夊姛鐜囪〃娉�,鍎�琛ㄧ稉(j墨ng)浜掓劅鍣ㄦ帴鍏�
灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鍦栨墍绀�,绌鸿級鎼嶈�桺0鑸囩┖杓夐浕娴佺櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)I0(%)瑷�(j矛)绠楀叕寮忕偤
P0=P1锕2
I0(%)=(I0a锕0b锕0c)/3IN×100%
灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鍦栨墍绀�,P0銆両0銆両0(%)瑷�(j矛)绠楀紡鐐�
P0=(P1锕2)kTVkTA
I0(%)=(I0a锕0b锕0c)/3IN×kTA×100%
灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng)鍦栨墍绀�,P0銆両0銆両0(%)瑷�(j矛)绠楀紡鐐�
P0=(P1锕2锕3)kTVkTA
I0(%)=(I0a锕0b锕0c)/3IN×kTA×100%
浠ヤ笂鍚勫紡涓�P1銆丳2銆丳3--鍔熺巼琛ㄧ殑娓�(c猫)閲忓��(琛ㄨ▓(j矛)鏍兼暩(sh霉)鎻涚畻鍚庡(sh铆)闅涘��)
I0a銆両0b銆両0c--闆绘祦琛ㄧ殑瀵�(sh铆)娓�(c猫)鍊�
kTV--娓�(c猫)閲忕敤闆诲浜掓劅鍣ㄧ殑璁婃瘮
kTA--娓�(c猫)閲忕敤闆绘祦浜掓劅鍣ㄧ殑璁婃瘮
IN--璁婂鍣ㄦ脯(c猫)閲忓伌(c猫)鐨勯瀹氶浕娴�
3.涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ殑鍠浉绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)
鐣�(d膩ng)鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)娌掓湁涓夌浉闆绘簮鎴栬畩澹撳櫒涓夌浉绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐣板父鏅�(sh铆),鍙��(j矛n)琛屽柈鐩哥┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n).閫氶亷涓夌浉璁婂鍣ㄧ殑鍠浉绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n),灏�(du矛)鍚勭浉绌鸿級鎼嶈�楃殑鍒嗘瀽姣旇純,鍙簡瑙ｇ┖杓夋悕鑰楀湪鍚勭浉鍒嗗竷鐙�娉�,灏�(du矛)鐧�(f膩)鐝�(xi脿n)绻炵祫鑸囬惖纾佽矾鏈夌劇(w煤)灞�閮ㄧ己闄�,鍒ゆ柗閻佃姱鏁呴殰閮ㄤ綅杓冪偤鏈夋晥.
閫�(j矛n)琛屼笁鐩歌畩澹撳櫒鍠浉绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),灏囦笁鐩歌畩澹撳櫒涓殑涓�鐩镐竴娆＄煭璺�,鎸夊柈鐩歌畩澹撳櫒鐨勭┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鎺ョ窔鍦栨帴濂�,鍦ㄥ叾浠栧叐鐩镐笂鏂藉姞闆诲,娓�(c猫)閲忕┖杓夋悕鑰楀拰绌鸿級闆绘祦.涓�鐩哥煭璺殑鐩殑鏄娇瑭茬浉娌掓湁纾侀�氶�氶亷,鍥犺�屼篃娌掓湁鎼嶈��.
(1)鐣�(d膩ng)鍔犲绻炵祫鐐烘槦褰㈡帴绶氭檪(sh铆),鏂藉姞闆诲U=2UN/√3,娓�(c猫)閲忔柟娉曞涓�:
绗竴娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--a銆乥绔姞澹�,c銆�0绔垨c鐩镐笂鐨勫叾浠栫篂绲�(濡俢b鎴朿a)鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0ab鍜孖0ab.
绗簩娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--b銆乧绔姞澹�,a銆�0绔垨a鐩镐笂鐨勫叾浠栫篂绲�(濡俛b鎴朼c)鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0ab鍜孖0ab.
绗笁娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--a銆乧绔姞澹�,b銆�0绔垨b鐩镐笂鐨勫叾浠栫篂绲�(濡俠a鎴朾c)鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0ab鍜孖0ab.
涓夌浉绌鸿級鎼嶈��P0鍜岀┖杓夌櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)I0(%)瑷�(j矛)绠楀紡鐐�
P0=[(P0ab锕0bc锕0ac)/2]kTVkTA
I0(%)=[(I0ab锕0bc锕0ac)/3IN]kTA×100%
寮忎腑P0ab銆丳0bc銆丳0ac銆両0ab銆両0bc銆両0ac--琛ㄨ▓(j矛)鐨勫(sh铆)娓�(c猫)鍊�;
kTV銆乲TA--娓�(c猫)閲忛浕澹撲簰鎰熷櫒鍜岄浕娴佷簰鎰熷櫒鐨勮畩姣�,鍎�琛ㄧ洿鎺ユ帴鍏ユ檪(sh铆)kTV=kTA=1.
(2)鐣�(d膩ng)绻炲绲勭偤a-y銆乥-z銆乧-x閫ｆ帴,鍗充笁瑙掑舰鎺ョ窔鏅�(sh铆),鏂藉姞闆诲U=UN(椤嶅畾鐨勭窔闆诲),娓�(c猫)閲忔柟娉曞涓�:
绗竴娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--a銆乥绔姞澹�,a銆乧鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0ab鍜孖0ab.
绗簩娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--b銆乧绔姞澹�,a銆乧鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0bc鍜孖0bc.
绗笁娆¤│椹�(y脿n)--a銆乧绔姞澹�,a銆乥鐭矾,娓�(c猫)閲廝0ac鍜孖0ac.
(3)鐣�(d膩ng)鍔犲绻炵祫鐐篴-z銆乥-x銆乧-y閫ｆ帴,鍗充笁瑙掑舰鎺ョ窔鏅�(sh铆),鏂藉姞闆诲銆佹脯(c猫)閲忔柟娉曞拰闋嗗簭鍚�(2),鍙槸绗竴娆¤│椹�(y脿n)娓�(c猫)閲忕殑鏄疨0ac鍜孖0ac,绗簩娆¤│椹�(y脿n)娓�(c猫)閲忕殑鏄疨0bc鍜孖0bc,绗笁娆¤│椹�(y脿n)娓�(c猫)閲忕殑鏄疨0ab鍜孖0ab.涓夌浉绌鸿級鎼嶈�桺0鍜岀┖杓夌櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)I0(%)瑷�(j矛)绠楀紡鐐�
P0=[(P0ab锕0bc锕0ac)/2]kTVkTA
I0(%)=[0.289(I0ab锕0bc锕0ac)/IN]kTA×100%
(4)鍠浉绌鸿級鎼嶈�楁暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鎳�(y墨ng)绗﹀悎浠ヤ笅鍏╁��(g猫)瑕佹眰:
1)鐢变簬BC鐩哥殑纾侀�氳垏AB瀹屽叏灏�(du矛)绋�,鎵�浠0ab灏辫繎浼肩瓑浜嶱0bc,瀵�(sh铆)娓�(c猫)绲�(ji茅)鏋淧0ab鑸嘝0bc鐨勫亸宸竴鑸湪3%浠ヤ笅.
2)鐢变簬AC鐩哥殑纾佽矾瑕佹瘮AB鎴朆C鐩哥殑纾佽矾闀�(zh菐ng),鎵�浠0bc=kP0ab=kP0bc,鍏朵腑k鏄敱瑭茬敘(ch菐n)鍝侀惖鑺殑骞句綍灏哄姹哄畾鐨勭郴鏁�(sh霉).灏�(du矛)浜�110-220kV璁婂鍣�,k涓�鑸偤1.1-1.55;灏�(du矛)浜�35-60kV璁婂鍣�,k涓�鑸偤1.3-1.4.
鎵�娓�(c猫)寰楃殑绲�(ji茅)鏋滆垏涓婅堪鍏╄姹備腑鐨勪换鎰忎竴鍊�(g猫)涓嶇鍚堟檪(sh铆),鍓囪鏄庤畩澹撳櫒鏈夌己闄�.
4.闄嶄綆闆诲涓嬬殑绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)
鍙楄│椹�(y脿n)姊濅欢鐨勯檺鍒�,鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)甯搁渶瑕佸湪浣庨浕澹�(5%~10%鐨勯瀹氶浕澹撲笅)閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n).鐢变簬鏂藉姞鐨勭殑瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲杓冧綆,鐩告噳(y墨ng)鐨勭┖杓夋悕鑰椾篃寰堝皬,鍥犳鎳�(y墨ng)娉ㄦ剰閬告搰鍚堥仼閲忕▼鐨勫剙琛�,浠ヤ繚璀夋脯(c猫)閲忕殑婧�(zh菙n)纰哄害,骞舵噳(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鍎�琛ㄣ�佺窔璺瓑闄勫姞鎼嶈�楃殑褰遍熆.鍦ㄤ綆闆诲涓嬪緱鍒扮殑绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)鏁�(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)涓昏鐢ㄤ簬鑸囨娆＄┖杓夋悕鑰楁暩(sh霉)鍊兼瘮杓�,蹇呰鏅�(sh铆)鍙繎浼兼彌绠楁垚椤嶅畾闆诲涓嬬殑绌鸿級鎼嶈��.鎻涚畻寮忕偤
P0=P'0(UN/U')n
寮忎腑U'--瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鎵�鍔犻浕澹�;
UN--椤嶅畾闆诲;
P'0--闆诲鐐篣′鏅�(sh铆)娓�(c猫)閲忓緱鍒扮殑绌鸿級鎼嶈��;
P0--鎻涚畻寰楀埌椤嶅畾闆诲涓嬬殑绌鸿級鎼嶈�楄│椹�(y脿n);
n--绯绘暩(sh霉),姹哄畾浜庨惖鑺閶肩墖鐨勭ó椤�,灏�(du矛)鐔辫粙纭呴嫾鐗囧彇n≈1.8,灏�(du矛)鍐疯粙纭呴嫾鐗囧彇n≈1.9~2.
鐢变簬闆绘簮瀹归噺涓嶈冻,鍦�80%~90%椤嶅畾闆诲涓嬮��(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鍙湪70%~90%椤嶅畾闆诲闁撹│椹�(y脿n)涓嶅皯浜�5娆�,骞跺皣5娆¤│椹�(y脿n)鎵�寰楁暩(sh霉)鍊煎湪灏�(du矛)鏁�(sh霉)鍧愭(bi膩o)绱欎笂绻垚绌鸿級鎼嶈�桺0鍜岀┖杓夐浕娴両0闅ㄩ浕澹撹畩鍖栫殑鏇茬窔,鐒跺悗鐢ㄥ鎺ㄦ硶姹傚嚭椤嶅畾闆诲涓嬬殑P0鍜孖0.
5.鐩存帴鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)闆绘簮閫�(j矛n)琛岀殑绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)
鐢变簬瑷�(sh猫)鍌欏強閬�(y霉n)杓�?sh霉)纭煫濞磋剳顓�?/font>,闆诲姏绯荤当(t菕ng)閬�(y霉n)琛岄儴闁�鍦ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)涓�鑸笉鐢ㄨ純澶у閲忕殑瑾�(di脿o)澹撳櫒鍜岃畩澹撳櫒渚嗛��(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n),鑰岀洿鎺ラ噰鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)闆绘簮閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n).
鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)闆绘簮閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鐢变簬娌掓湁瑾�(di脿o)澹撶殑閬庣▼,鑰屾槸绯荤当(t菕ng)闆诲鐩存帴鍔犲埌璁婂鍣ㄤ笂,鐩哥暥(d膩ng)浜庢姇绌鸿級璁婂鍣�,灏�(du矛)绯荤当(t菕ng)鏈変竴瀹氱殑褰遍熆.鍥犳鐢ㄩ�欑ó鏂规硶瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)瑾�(di脿o)鏁村ソ鍚勭ó绻奸浕淇濊(h霉)銆佽畩澹撳櫒鍙婂叾浠栭浕鍔涜ō(sh猫)鍌欑殑閬�(y霉n)琛屾柟寮�,灏�(du矛)璁婂鍣�銆佺窔璺�銆佹脯(c猫)閲�?j墨)x鍣ㄨō(sh猫)鍌欓��(j矛n)琛屼粩绱�(x矛)鐨勬鏌�,纰鸿獚(r猫n)鐒�(w煤)瑾ゅ悗鏂瑰彲閫�(j矛n)琛�.
瑭﹂(y脿n)鍓嶅皣娓�(c猫)瑭﹀剙琛ㄨō(sh猫)鍌欐帴濂�,灏囨脯(c猫)瑭﹂浕娴佷簰鎰熷櫒鐢ㄤ竴绲勯珮澹撻殧闆㈤枊闂�(gu膩n)鐭矾,鐒跺悗鍐嶇郴绲�(t菕ng)闆诲涓嬪悎闆绘簮闁嬮棞(gu膩n),琚│璁婂鍣ㄥ皣鎵垮彈寰堥珮鐨勬搷浣滈亷闆诲鍜屽緢澶х殑鍕�(l矛)纾佹秾娴�,寰呮秾娴佹祦閬庡悗,鐢ㄧ禃绶ｆ鎷夐枊鐭矾鐢ㄩ殧闆㈤枊闂�(gu膩n)鍦ㄩ��(j矛n)琛屾脯(c猫)瑭�.鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)娌掓湁楂樺闅旈洟闁嬮棞(gu膩n)鏅�(sh铆)鎳�(y墨ng)灏囨脯(c猫)閲忛浕娴佷簰鎰熷櫒浜屾鍋�(c猫)鐢ㄤ綆澹撻枊闂�(gu膩n)鐭矾,娑屾祦閬庡悗鎷夐枊浜屾鍋�(c猫)浣庡闁嬮棞(gu膩n),闃叉娑屾祦灏�(du矛)娓�(c猫)閲�?j墨)x琛ㄧ殑娌栨搳鍜屾悕澹�.
鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)闆诲浣滅┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐐洪伩鍏嶆秾娴�ihe纾佹化绛夌殑褰遍熆,鍚堥枠鍚庢噳(y墨ng)寰呮秾娴侀�氶亷鍚庡悎鍎�琛ㄨ畝鏁�(sh霉)闈炲父绌�(w臎n)瀹氬悗鏂瑰彲璁�鍙栨脯(c猫)瑭︽暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉),涓嶆噳(y墨ng)鍚堥枠鍚庨Μ涓婅畝鍙�.
绯荤当(t菕ng)闆诲涓�鑸緢灏戞伆濂借垏瑭﹀搧闆诲鐩哥瓑,浣嗚鏍规摎(j霉)绯荤当(t菕ng)鐨勫(sh铆)娓�(c猫)闆诲鑸囪│鍝侀瀹氶浕澹撶殑宸暟,渚嗗垎鏋愭脯(c猫)閲忔暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鑸囧嚭寤犳暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鐨勫樊鍒�,鍒ゆ柗鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佹槸鍚︽湁鏁呴殰.
鐢变簬绯荤当(t菕ng)闆绘簮鐨勫閲忚冻澶�,绯荤当(t菕ng)闆诲鑸囬瀹氶浕澹撴帴杩�,鍙埄鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)鐝�(xi脿n)鏈夎ō(sh猫)鍌�,涓嶉渶瑕佸ぇ瀹归噺鐨勮│椹�(y脿n)瑷�(sh猫)鍌�,瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲娉㈠舰鐒�(w煤)鐣歌畩,鍥犺�岄�欑ó瑭﹂(y脿n)鏂规硶鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)缍�(j墨ng)甯搁噰鐢�.
涓�銆佺┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鐨勬敞鎰忎簨闋�(xi脿ng)
(1)鐐烘脯(c猫)閲忔簴(zh菙n)纰�,璁婂鍣ㄧ┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鎵�鐢ㄧ殑娓�(c猫)閲忕敤浜掓劅鍣�銆佸剙鍣ㄥ剙琛ㄧ殑婧�(zh菙n)纰哄害涓嶆噳(y墨ng)浣庝簬0.5绱�(j铆).
(2)绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)浣跨敤鐨勫姛鐜囨噳(y墨ng)閬哥敤cosψ=0.1,銆佹簴(zh菙n)纰哄害涓嶄綆浜�0.5绱�(j铆)鐨勪綆鍔熺巼鍥犳暩(sh霉)鍔熺巼琛�,閫欐槸鍥�?y脿n)妯佃娑ｉ簾濞愬垎?鍔熺巼P=UIcosψ.璁婂瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),cosψ寰堜綆,鐢ㄦ櫘閫氱殑鍔熺巼鍥犳暩(sh霉)琛�,鏈�(hu矛)閫犳垚闆诲銆侀浕娴侀洊閮介仈(d谩)鍒板姛鐜囪〃鐨勬(bi膩o)婧�(zh菙n)鍊�,鑰岃畝鏁�(sh霉)鍗诲緢灏�,閫犳垚娓�(c猫)閲忎笉婧�(zh菙n)纰�.渚嬪cosψ=1銆佸�嶆暩(sh霉)鐐�5銆佹豢鍒诲害銆佹豢鍒诲害鐐�150鏍肩殑鍔熺巼琛�(闆诲閲忕▼150V,闆绘祦5A)鍘绘脯(c猫)閲廲osψ=0.02鐨勫ぇ鍨嬭畩澹撳櫒鐨勭┖杓夋悕鑰�,鐣�(d膩ng)闆诲鐐�100V,闆绘祦鐐�5A鏅�(sh铆),琛ㄨ畝鏁�(sh霉)鍗诲彧鏈�100×5×0.02=10鏍�,鍗宠畝鏁�(sh霉)寰堝皬.涓嶆槗璁�婧�(zh菙n)纰�.濡傛灉闆诲浜掓劅鍣ㄧ殑璁婃瘮鐐�100,闆绘祦浜掓劅鍣ㄧ殑璁婃瘮鐐�30,閭ｄ箞,涓婅堪琛ㄧ殑璁�鏁�(sh霉)姣忓樊0.1鏍�(渚嬪10.1璁�鎴�10)鐨勮宸偤0.1×30×100×5=1.5(kW),鍗宠宸殑鐧惧垎?j菒n)?sh霉)鐐�(0.1/10)×100%=1%.鐣�(d膩ng)鏀圭敤鍊嶆暩(sh霉)鐐�0.5銆佺敤cosψ=0.1銆佹豢鍒诲害鐐�150鏍肩殑鍚屾ǎ閲忕▼妾旂殑浣庡姛鐜囪〃鍘绘脯(c猫)閲忔檪(sh铆),璁�鏁�(sh霉)鍙彁楂樺埌100鏍�,姣忓樊0.1鏍兼檪(sh铆)鐨勮宸櫨鍒�?j菒n)?sh霉)鍍呯偤0.1/100×100%=1%,鎵�浠ョ従(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)涓�鑸噰鐢ㄧ敤cosψ=0.1銆佹簴(zh菙n)纰哄害鐐�0.2銆�0.5绱�(j铆)鐨勪綆鍔熺巼鍥犳暩(sh霉)鍔熺巼琛�.
(3)鎺ョ窔鏅�(sh铆)蹇呴爤浣跨敤鍔熺巼琛ㄧ殑闆绘祦绶氬湀鍜岄浕澹撶窔鍦堝叐绔瓙闁撶殑闆讳綅宸渶灏�,骞舵敞鎰忛浕娴佺窔鍦堝拰闆诲绶氬湀鐨勬サ鎬�.妤垫�ч�ｆ帴姝ｇ⒑鐒�(w煤)瑾ゅ悗,娓�(c猫)閲忓嚭鐨勫姛鐜囨槸鍏╁彧鍔熺巼琛ㄦ垨涓夊彧鍔熺巼琛ㄨ畝鏁�(sh霉)鐨勪唬鏁�(sh霉)鍜�.鍔熺巼琛ㄧ殑鎸囩ず鍙兘鏄鍊间篃鍙兘鏄矤(f霉)鍊�.
(4)绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)浣跨敤鐨勪簰鎰熷櫒鐨勬サ鎬у繀闋堟纰洪�ｆ帴,涓�銆佷簩娆￠�ｆ帴鐩稿皪(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng),浜屾绔瓙鑸囪〃瑷�(j矛)妤垫�х浉灏�(du矛)鎳�(y墨ng),涓嶅彲闅ㄦ剰.閭勯渶娉ㄦ剰,浜掓劅鍣ㄧ殑浜屾绔瓙涓湁涓�鍊�(g猫)鎳�(y墨ng)瀹夊叏鎺ュ湴,灏�(du矛)涓夌浉浜掓劅鍣ㄦ垨涓夊彧鍠浉浜掓劅鍣�,鎳�(y墨ng)鏄悓鍚嶇銆佸悓涓�鎺ュ湴榛�(di菐n)鎺ュ湴.
(5)灏�(du矛)澶у瀷璁婂鍣ㄩ��(j矛n)琛岀従(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)绌鸿級瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)鏈変簨鍏堢稉(j墨ng)閬庝笂绱�(j铆)鍚屾剰鐨勮│椹�(y脿n)鏂规;浜嗚В璁婂鍣ㄥ垵寤犺│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐨勯姌鐗岀┖杓夋悕鑰楀拰绌鸿級闆绘祦鐧惧垎?j菒n)?sh霉)鏁�(sh霉)鍊�,閬哥敤鍚堥仼璁婃瘮鍜岄噺绋嬬殑浜掓劅鍣ㄥ拰鍎�琛�.鐩存帴鐢ㄧ郴绲�(t菕ng)闆诲閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),灏�(du矛)鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绻奸浕淇濊(h霉),閬�(y霉n)琛屾柟寮忔噳(y墨ng)浜堜互瑷�(j矛)绠楄(di脿o)鏁�,闃叉鐧�(f膩)鐢熶簨鏁�.瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),瑭﹂(y脿n)鐝�(xi脿n)鍫�(ch菐ng)鎳�(y墨ng)瑷�(sh猫)鍦嶆瑒,鍋氬ソ鍚勯爡(xi脿ng)瀹夊叏鎺柦,鎸囧畾灏堜汉璨�(f霉)璨�(z茅),淇濊瓑瑭﹂(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆)浜鸿韩鍜岃ō(sh猫)鍌欏畨鍏�.
(6)绮惧害瑕佹眰杓冮珮鐨勭┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鎴�?q奴)蟺鈭悩瀛斿剶娴╅瑹M(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鍜屽皪(du矛)澶у閲忚畩澹撳櫒鍦ㄤ綆闆诲涓嬮��(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),鎳�(y墨ng)鑰冩叜鎺掗櫎闄勫姞鎼嶈�楃殑褰遍熆.
瀵�(sh铆)闅涙脯(c猫)閲忕殑鎼嶈�椾腑鍖呭惈鏈夊姛鐜囪〃闆诲绶氬湀,闆诲琛ㄦ湰韬拰闆荤簻绶氱殑鎼嶈��,灏�(du矛)浜庝腑灏忓瀷璁婂鍣�,閫欏��(g猫)鎼嶈�楀崰绌鸿級鎼嶈�楃殑1.5%~5%,鍥犳蹇呴爤閫�(j矛n)琛屾牎姝�.鏍℃鍏紡鐐�
P0=P'0-P'
寮忎腑P'0--鍖呮嫭鍎�琛ㄥ強闆荤簻绶氱殑鎼嶈�楀湪娌掔殑绌鸿級鎼嶈�楁檪(sh铆)瀵�(sh铆)娓�(c猫)鍊�.
P'--鍎�琛ㄥ強闆荤簻绶氭悕鑰�.
P'鍙互鍦ㄨ瑭﹁畩澹撳櫒鏂烽枊鐨勬儏娉佷笅,鏂藉姞瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲,鐩存帴寰炵摝鐗硅〃涓婅畝鍑轰締,涔熷彲浠ユ寜涓嬪紡浼扮畻,鍗�:
P'=U2(1/rw锕�1/rad锕�1/rv)
寮忎腑U--鏂藉姞瑭﹂(y脿n)闆诲,V;
rw銆乺nd銆乺v--鍒嗗垾琛ㄧず鍔熺巼琛ㄩ浕澹撶窔鍦堥浕闃婚檮鍔犻浕闃诲拰闆诲琛ㄧ窔鍦堥浕闃�.
(7)閫�(j矛n)琛岀┖杓夎│椹�(y脿n)鏅�(sh铆),瑭﹂(y脿n)闆绘簮鎳�(y墨ng)鏈夎冻澶犵殑瀹归噺.瑭﹂(y脿n)闆绘簮瀹归噺浼扮畻寮忕偤
S=SN×I0%
铇囧叕缍�(w菐ng)瀹夊倷32102302010504 